THE HYPODERMIC NEEDLE MODEL.
from 1920's- suggests audience's passively absorb information without processing or challenging it. Still quoted today in debates such as the arguement as to whether violent games provoke violent behaviour.
TWO-STEP FLOW
from 1940's- new version as hypodermic needle model too clumsy. Suggests that the media is filtered through "opinion leaders" who communicate it to their less active associates. These less active people will then receive information from their "opinion leaders" and directly from the media and mediate it. This creates a two-step flow.
USES AND GRATIFICATIONS
In 1948, Lasswell suggested audiences used the media for:
-Surveillance
-Correlation
-Entertainment
-Cultural transmission.
Blulmer and Katz, 1974, extended it:
-Diversion- escape from everyday problems/routine
-Personal Relationships- soap operas and family life: emotional interaction etc
-Personal Identity- reflection in texts, own self relation to values/information/texts
-Surveillance- information for living e.g. weather, news.
GLOBAL VILLAGE
This is the thoery that the world is, metaphorically, much smaller than it used to be as an individual can talk to another person within seconds, even if they are the other side of the planet. Just as you would be able to in a village.
CONVERGENCE
The combining of the communications, electronics and computer industries. Also, the co-operation of various media companies with each other in order to take advantage (economically) of the newest technology.
DIGITISATION
conversion of analog information into digital information
SOCIAL NETWORKING
a social network is a network of people, for example:
You-your brother-your brother's friend-your brother's friend's girlfriend-your brother's friend's girlfriend's auntie.
you may not know everyone in the chain but you are still connected by your relationships to the other people. You may not even know the connection exists. Social Networking sites allow you to see connections that would be hidden in the "real" world as people add each other as friends on these sites and so allow their connections to be seen by others. it is said that everyone in the world is connected by six people, e.g. you know someone, who knows someone, who knows someone, who knows someone, who knows someone, who knows the Queen (or anyone else in the world.)
TECHNOLOGICAL DETERMINISM
the view that the effects of any new technology on work and employment are simply defined (ie determined in a fixed way) by the inherent capabilities and functions of the technology itself. This is invariably criticized for ignoring factors in the context of work and the role of human agents.
Sunday, 25 May 2008
Wednesday, 7 May 2008
WHAT DOES MC LARS THINK?
WEBSITE: www.mclars.com
MYSPACE PROFILE: http://www.myspace.com/mclars
ALSO, SEARCH HIM ON WIKIPEDIA.
MC Lars calls himself a "Post-Punk Laptop Rapper" as his music involves using his laptop to create and mix the sounds. (See his lyrics on other posts in this blog) He is currently playing the Give It A Name festival in the UK.
When i asked him whether he blogged and what he thought of it he replied:
"Blogging is an awesome instantaneous way to connect with 100's of people at once! I blog, but mainly through my video and audio podcasts.Thanks for using the lyrics in your research. We live in interesting times. :-)"
MYSPACE PROFILE: http://www.myspace.com/mclars
ALSO, SEARCH HIM ON WIKIPEDIA.
MC Lars calls himself a "Post-Punk Laptop Rapper" as his music involves using his laptop to create and mix the sounds. (See his lyrics on other posts in this blog) He is currently playing the Give It A Name festival in the UK.
When i asked him whether he blogged and what he thought of it he replied:
"Blogging is an awesome instantaneous way to connect with 100's of people at once! I blog, but mainly through my video and audio podcasts.Thanks for using the lyrics in your research. We live in interesting times. :-)"
WHAT DO PAIGE THINK?
WEBSITE: www.paigeofficial.com
MYSPACE PROFILE:
http://profile.myspace.com/index.cfm?fuseaction=user.viewprofile&friendid=22296388
PAIGE are a band who have used MySpace in order to get to the level of popularity they are at now. The band are currently playing a festival alongside Bring Me The Horizon.
DO YOU BLOG? Yes, just to keep fans up to date with whats going on with the band.
DO YOU THINK BLOGGING HAS AFFECTED YOU AS A BAND? Myspace has definitly helped us get our music out there.
DO YOU THINK BLOGGING HAS A BIG AFFECT ON THE MUSIC INDUSTRY ALTOGETHER? dunno
...not the most expressive answers but an idea at least to how the NMT has affected them.
MYSPACE PROFILE:
http://profile.myspace.com/index.cfm?fuseaction=user.viewprofile&friendid=22296388
PAIGE are a band who have used MySpace in order to get to the level of popularity they are at now. The band are currently playing a festival alongside Bring Me The Horizon.
DO YOU BLOG? Yes, just to keep fans up to date with whats going on with the band.
DO YOU THINK BLOGGING HAS AFFECTED YOU AS A BAND? Myspace has definitly helped us get our music out there.
DO YOU THINK BLOGGING HAS A BIG AFFECT ON THE MUSIC INDUSTRY ALTOGETHER? dunno
...not the most expressive answers but an idea at least to how the NMT has affected them.
Sunday, 4 May 2008
MC LARS: iGeneration
And people tried to put us down,
when iTunes bumped a post-Cold War sound.
My generation sat the mecca of malls,
Times Square, I'm there, Viacom installs.
So we hit the net while the Trade Center fell,
New York met Hollywood, we ran like hell.
No Vietnam for us, yo, Iraq it's on.
So who agree upon this cowboy Genghis Khan?
The choice made, baby. Hey we'd take it back,
logged in dropped out, MTV took track.
They sold it back to us and claimed no correlation.
The iMac, iPod, iGeneration.
And I'm waiting for the day we can get out.
The world is ours, that's the story no doubt.
Want to be more info super highway traffic,
want to be more than a walking demographic!
CHORUS:
"Hey! You're part of it." Talking about the iGeneration.
"Yeah! You're part of it." Talking about my iGeneration.
See the iGeneration knew organization
meant optimization
and unification,
When imagination
gave participation
in creation of culture
a manifestation.
The Berlin Wall fell and out we came,
the post-Cold War kids laid claim to AIM.
LOL, OMG, yo, BRB.
Space, colon, dash, closed parenthesis.
We sat at our laptops and typed away,
and found that we each had something to say.
Web-logged our fears, our hopes and dreams.
Individuated by digital means.
Fiber optic lenses, DVD,
Coca Cola, Disney and Mickey D's.
Flat mass culture, the norm that took hold
I hope I die before I get sold.
REPEAT CHORUS
This is the I-N-T-E-R-N-E-T ge-na-ra-tion, see?
This is the I-N-T-E-R-N-E-T ge-na-ra-tion, see?
when iTunes bumped a post-Cold War sound.
My generation sat the mecca of malls,
Times Square, I'm there, Viacom installs.
So we hit the net while the Trade Center fell,
New York met Hollywood, we ran like hell.
No Vietnam for us, yo, Iraq it's on.
So who agree upon this cowboy Genghis Khan?
The choice made, baby. Hey we'd take it back,
logged in dropped out, MTV took track.
They sold it back to us and claimed no correlation.
The iMac, iPod, iGeneration.
And I'm waiting for the day we can get out.
The world is ours, that's the story no doubt.
Want to be more info super highway traffic,
want to be more than a walking demographic!
CHORUS:
"Hey! You're part of it." Talking about the iGeneration.
"Yeah! You're part of it." Talking about my iGeneration.
See the iGeneration knew organization
meant optimization
and unification,
When imagination
gave participation
in creation of culture
a manifestation.
The Berlin Wall fell and out we came,
the post-Cold War kids laid claim to AIM.
LOL, OMG, yo, BRB.
Space, colon, dash, closed parenthesis.
We sat at our laptops and typed away,
and found that we each had something to say.
Web-logged our fears, our hopes and dreams.
Individuated by digital means.
Fiber optic lenses, DVD,
Coca Cola, Disney and Mickey D's.
Flat mass culture, the norm that took hold
I hope I die before I get sold.
REPEAT CHORUS
This is the I-N-T-E-R-N-E-T ge-na-ra-tion, see?
This is the I-N-T-E-R-N-E-T ge-na-ra-tion, see?
Friday, 2 May 2008
Monday, 28 April 2008
28TH APRIL: LESSON TIME
QUESTION 3 [45marks]
Essay Title: To what extent do new media technologies make people more creative? (Audience question, not institution.)
MY NMT CASE STUDY IS BLOGGING AND THE DEMOCRATISATION OF JOURNALISM.
New media technologies (NMTs) are seen to pave the way for new products, trends and possibilities for the future. Some say that this will make people more creative, the technology allowing them to put their ideas into action. Others say that it will cause people to much lazier; relying on technology to do all the hard work for them.
One NMT is Blogging, a technology which allows people to have their own space online where they can post text, videos, images and other forms of media and have it viewed publicly.
One way that this could make a User more creative is that they are given the chance to say whatever they want to say and fill their Blog with whatever they would like to show the public. This is a great opportunity and many have taken it upon themselves to post blogs covering every topic or subject that could ever be thought about. This is definite creativity that was never possible before as the only way to achieve this in the past was to have a radio show, be a hired Journalist or be on the television...and even then your views would be censored or filtered if they didn't fit in with the views of the company you were working for.
On the other hand you could say that this creativity will cause laziness in others: instead of actively searching for information in the real world and experiencing things for themselves, they are glued to their computers and other ports of access to the Internet finding things out from other people, depending on other sources of information for their knowledge. This will be detrimental to the creativity of these people as they will become reliant on others and will become content with other people's contributions.
The technology of Blogging is taken further into making people more creative and interactive as many use their blogs to write news stories or comment on news from around the world. This democratisation of journalism promotes creativity as it is not just the big businesses and tabloid papers who are searching for the new stories and new things to write about: it’s the every day blogger searching for their next post too. To become popular and to write a frequently read blog, the blogger needs new and interesting stories and information in order to keep the reader interested.
Blogging has a lack of censorship; many host sites that allow Users to create blogs will have little in the way of rules for content. Myspace does not allow the use of pornographic images but otherwise does not filter the large amount of information that appears on their site. To protect themselves they disassociate themselves with any of the individual views expressed by users of the site which basically grants users the permission to write whatever they want, even if it may hurt another person. Although this allows for creativity as Users are unrestrained, it is a common fear that young people and children using the sites could be put at risk as although there is no age limit for using the site, there is some content which may not be suitable for a young audience.
Another fear is that children are being targeted by paedophiles on Internet networking sites such as Myspace, Facebook and Bebo: the three biggest online networking sites created. People are definitely getting creative by pretending to be people they are not in order to take advantage of others, a practise which parents rightly worry over and children may not fully understand the implications of. Creativity is often put to good use with new technology and ideas emerging all the time, but it can be used very wrongly too. Paedophilia is not the only problem as Phishers (hacking in order to gain access to Users information such as log in details and passwords.), Hackers and Fraudsters are finding more and more ways to carry out illegal actions as they become more and more creative with the technology they are using.
After studying Blogging and the democratisation of Journalism, I think that this NMT advances creativity as it does not curb further ideas, but instead helps those without the technical knowledge show their own creativity in a technological world.
Essay Title: To what extent do new media technologies make people more creative? (Audience question, not institution.)
MY NMT CASE STUDY IS BLOGGING AND THE DEMOCRATISATION OF JOURNALISM.
New media technologies (NMTs) are seen to pave the way for new products, trends and possibilities for the future. Some say that this will make people more creative, the technology allowing them to put their ideas into action. Others say that it will cause people to much lazier; relying on technology to do all the hard work for them.
One NMT is Blogging, a technology which allows people to have their own space online where they can post text, videos, images and other forms of media and have it viewed publicly.
One way that this could make a User more creative is that they are given the chance to say whatever they want to say and fill their Blog with whatever they would like to show the public. This is a great opportunity and many have taken it upon themselves to post blogs covering every topic or subject that could ever be thought about. This is definite creativity that was never possible before as the only way to achieve this in the past was to have a radio show, be a hired Journalist or be on the television...and even then your views would be censored or filtered if they didn't fit in with the views of the company you were working for.
On the other hand you could say that this creativity will cause laziness in others: instead of actively searching for information in the real world and experiencing things for themselves, they are glued to their computers and other ports of access to the Internet finding things out from other people, depending on other sources of information for their knowledge. This will be detrimental to the creativity of these people as they will become reliant on others and will become content with other people's contributions.
The technology of Blogging is taken further into making people more creative and interactive as many use their blogs to write news stories or comment on news from around the world. This democratisation of journalism promotes creativity as it is not just the big businesses and tabloid papers who are searching for the new stories and new things to write about: it’s the every day blogger searching for their next post too. To become popular and to write a frequently read blog, the blogger needs new and interesting stories and information in order to keep the reader interested.
Blogging has a lack of censorship; many host sites that allow Users to create blogs will have little in the way of rules for content. Myspace does not allow the use of pornographic images but otherwise does not filter the large amount of information that appears on their site. To protect themselves they disassociate themselves with any of the individual views expressed by users of the site which basically grants users the permission to write whatever they want, even if it may hurt another person. Although this allows for creativity as Users are unrestrained, it is a common fear that young people and children using the sites could be put at risk as although there is no age limit for using the site, there is some content which may not be suitable for a young audience.
Another fear is that children are being targeted by paedophiles on Internet networking sites such as Myspace, Facebook and Bebo: the three biggest online networking sites created. People are definitely getting creative by pretending to be people they are not in order to take advantage of others, a practise which parents rightly worry over and children may not fully understand the implications of. Creativity is often put to good use with new technology and ideas emerging all the time, but it can be used very wrongly too. Paedophilia is not the only problem as Phishers (hacking in order to gain access to Users information such as log in details and passwords.), Hackers and Fraudsters are finding more and more ways to carry out illegal actions as they become more and more creative with the technology they are using.
After studying Blogging and the democratisation of Journalism, I think that this NMT advances creativity as it does not curb further ideas, but instead helps those without the technical knowledge show their own creativity in a technological world.
Sunday, 27 April 2008
ISSUES: Illegal activity? increased spending? harm children?
Blogging creates some issues for society as well as being an enjoyable and creative hobby.
Some of the content written about is untrue or poorly researched and as the blogs go unchecked, no one points out the errors. This could mean that readers understand the blog content to be true when it is in fact not. This could cause problems if the blog is of a serious nature and could hurt people for instance if the blog reported on "news stories" and posted stories that were untrue or incorrectly detailed.
Another issue is that it promotes the constant use of the computer. There are people who spend their lives indoors, always on the computer! This is a very unhealthy and anti-social way to live.
(On the other hand it could be argued that this is in fact a VERY social way to live, as some of the most commonly viewed sites on the Internet involve social networking and blogging where communicating with others from around the world is the point of the excercise.)
My third issue with blogging is that of its unsuitability in terms of young people and children who may read or see something that is not suitable for their age group as blogging is not restricted or censored in any way and many do not contain warnings about their content. Also, through networking sites, children and young people may be targeted by paedophiles posing themselves as someone they are not. There is no proof on the internet that the person you are talking to is really who they say they are and so children may be taken advantage of.
blogging does not cost money and so does not increase spending (unless a person is on dial up/pay as you go internet and therefore may begin to use the internet more often, costing more money.) and is not illegal.
Some of the content written about is untrue or poorly researched and as the blogs go unchecked, no one points out the errors. This could mean that readers understand the blog content to be true when it is in fact not. This could cause problems if the blog is of a serious nature and could hurt people for instance if the blog reported on "news stories" and posted stories that were untrue or incorrectly detailed.
Another issue is that it promotes the constant use of the computer. There are people who spend their lives indoors, always on the computer! This is a very unhealthy and anti-social way to live.
(On the other hand it could be argued that this is in fact a VERY social way to live, as some of the most commonly viewed sites on the Internet involve social networking and blogging where communicating with others from around the world is the point of the excercise.)
My third issue with blogging is that of its unsuitability in terms of young people and children who may read or see something that is not suitable for their age group as blogging is not restricted or censored in any way and many do not contain warnings about their content. Also, through networking sites, children and young people may be targeted by paedophiles posing themselves as someone they are not. There is no proof on the internet that the person you are talking to is really who they say they are and so children may be taken advantage of.
blogging does not cost money and so does not increase spending (unless a person is on dial up/pay as you go internet and therefore may begin to use the internet more often, costing more money.) and is not illegal.
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